High Blood Pressure: Expert Shares 7 Early Signs You Should Never Ignore And Who's At Higher Risk

High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) Early Signs: High blood pressure, or hypertension, is often termed the ‘Silent Killer’ because it can develop without noticeable symptoms. However, certain early warning signs can indicate that your blood pressure is dangerously high. Recognising these signs early can help prevent serious health complications. “An estimated 1.4 billion adults aged 30-79 years worldwide had hypertension in 2024; this represents 33% of the population in this age range”, states the World Health Organisation (WHO).

If left uncontrolled, it can damage vital organs like the heart, kidneys, brain, and eyes. This is why recognising early warning signs and seeking timely medical attention is critical. We spoke to Dr Gajinder Kumar Goyal, Program Clinical Director - Cardiology, Marengo Asia Hospitals, Faridabad, to understand these signs better:

Why Is High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) Dangerous?

According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), “High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a common condition that occurs when your blood pressure—the force of the blood on the walls of your arteries—is often too high.”

• High Blood Pressure: Systolic 130–139 mmHg or diastolic 80–89 mmHg.
• Danger / Hypertensive Crisis: Systolic above 180 mmHg and/or diastolic above 120 mmHg, requiring immediate medical attention.

Dr Gajinder Kumar Goyal explains, “Hypertension puts extra strain on blood vessels and the heart. Over time, it can lead to heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, and even vision loss. In India, where lifestyle diseases are rising rapidly due to stress, sedentary habits, and poor diet, awareness about early signs can help in preventing severe outcomes.”

High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) Early Warning Signs And Symptoms

While hypertension may not always present symptoms, Dr Gajinder Kumar Goyal notes that some early indicators include:

• Persistent Headaches: Especially in the morning or at the back of the head.
• Chest Pain Or Tightness: Discomfort in the chest may indicate strain on the heart due to high blood pressure.
• Fatigue: Feeling unusually tired can result from the heart working harder to pump blood.
• Dizziness Or Lightheadedness: Feeling faint can indicate fluctuating blood pressure.
• Blurred Vision Or Double Vision: Hypertension can damage blood vessels in the eyes.
• Shortness of Breath: Difficulty breathing may occur if the heart is not pumping efficiently.
• Nosebleeds: Frequent nosebleeds can be a sign of elevated blood pressure.

High Blood Pressure (Hypertension): Who Is at Higher Risk?

According to Dr Gajinder Kumar Goyal, certain individuals are more susceptible to developing high blood pressure:

• Age: The risk increases with age.
• Family History: A family history of hypertension can elevate your risk.
• Obesity: Excess weight puts additional strain on the heart.
• Physical Inactivity: Lack of exercise contributes to higher blood pressure.
• Poor Diet: High salt intake and low potassium levels can increase blood pressure.
• Excessive Alcohol Consumption: Drinking in excess can raise blood pressure.
• Chronic Stress: Long-term stress can contribute to hypertension.

Understanding these risk factors can help in taking preventive measures.

Easy Steps To Control High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)

Managing high blood pressure involves lifestyle changes and, in some cases, medication:

• Check your blood pressure regularly to detect any changes early..
• Adopt a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and low in sodium.
• Engage in physical activity to maintain a healthy weight and improve heart health. Exercising at least 30 minutes a day.
• Avoiding smoking and limiting alcohol.
• Managing stress through yoga, meditation, or relaxation techniques.
• Taking prescribed medicines regularly and following up with your doctor.

Note: Always consult a cardiologist for concerns about your health.

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